Norway
Demonstration and Deployment
Hydrogen Demonstration Program Overviews
On August 23, 2006, Norway’s first hydrogen filling station was opened at Forus in Stavanger. The station is part of the national HyNor project (www.hynor.no), which in turn is part of the Scandinavian Hydrogen Highway Partnership (SHHP).
The Stavanger hydrogen filling station is fully integrated as part of a commercial service station that is open to the public. It is also integrated with a natural gas filling capability , meaning that different gas products are supplied, as follows:
- Hydrogen is available at both 350- and 700-bar pressures. The hydrogen is of fuel cell quality and supplied by truck.
- Naturalhy, also known as HCNG (hybrid compressed natural gas), is a hybrid product of hydrogen and natural gas. At Forus, this hybrid blend consists of 8% hydrogen and 92% natural gas by volume. Naturalhy is available at 200-bar pressure and can be used in natural-gas–powered vehicles.
- Natural gas is available at 200 bars.
Shortly afterward, in May 2007, a new hydrogen filling station was opened in Porsgrunn. This filling station supplies hydrogen through a pipeline from a nearby chlor-alkaline plant. At the same time, 15 hydrogen cars were purchased from Quantum USA and leased to local customers. Hydrogen vehicles that have already been used and/or tested in the HyNor project include the Mazda RX‑8, the Toyota Quantum Prius, the Fyk concept sports car, the Think Hydrogen, and the ENV Bike. In 2009, the HyNor project will establish several new hydrogen filling stations — in Oslo, Drammen, and Kristiansand — and in the Stavanger hub, local CO2-neutral hydrogen production from biogas will be available. The number of hydrogen cars in the HyNor project will be increased throughout 2009 with the purchase of 30 to 40 Mazda RX-8 cars, which will be supplied from the factory in Japan.
Utsira Wind Hydrogen Plant
The Utsira wind hydrogen plant has been operating for nearly 4 years supplying renewable electricity to 10 households on the Utsira Island. The aim of the project is to demonstrate an autonomous energy system and to integrate established and new technology with renewable energy sources to create a viable renewable energy system. The plant consists of a wind turbine (600 kW, plus flywheel and master synchronous machine), a 0.9 kg/hour hydrogen alkaline electrolyzer, compressor, and hydrogen storage (216 kg, 20 MPa), and a 10-kW PEM fuel cell and 55-kW hydrogen engine. The plant is wholly owned by StatoilHydro and is operated in collaboration with the German wind turbine manufacturer Enercon.
Hynor Project
The Hynor Project started in 2005 to demonstrate real-life implementation of a hydrogen infrastructure along a 580-km route between the cities of Oslo and Stavanger. This project currently has 2 filling stations and 15 cars (see below). More cars and filling stations will become operational in 2008 and 2009. The project comprises all steps required to develop a hydrogen infrastructure and will include various hydrogen production technologies and uses of hydrogen, in all cases with an adaptation to local conditions. The project is a public–private partnership connecting major industrial and energy companies, transport companies, regional and national public authorities, and R&D institutes. The Scandinavian Hydrogen Highway Partnership (SHHP), a collaboration between Hynor and Swedish and Danish hydrogen organizations, has been established to extend the hydrogen road through Sweden and Denmark.
Hydrogen Filling Stations (Nationwide)
Total of 2 hydrogen filling stations
| Station | Capacity | Dispensing Pressure | Production Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grenland | 5.4 kg |
35 MPa |
Chlor-alkaline plant by-product, transported by pipeline to the station |
| Stravanger | 30 kg (6 cars/hour) |
70 MPa |
Delivered (natural gas reforming planned in the future) |
Hydrogen Vehicles Involved in Demonstration Programs
- Total of 15 ICE vehicles (Toyota Prius)
Stationary Fuel Cells
- 1 stationary fuel cell, 10-kW PEM
Demonstrations Involving Other Types of Fuel Cell Applications
None reported
Links
http://www.hynor.no
http://www.statoilhydro.com/no/TechnologyInnovation/NewEnergyand Renewables/Hydrogen/Pages/Utsira-prosjektet.aspx
Additional Information
There may be additional small fuel cells used in internal research not listed here.
Norwegian institutes participate in IEA HIA Task 18 Integrated Systems Evaluations.
Last updated January 7, 2009